Essay --

Tiffany RiveraPrior to 1860 there was great provincialism in the United States between the northern and southern evinces. The federationern states and northern states were always in competition for power. Various via medias were proposed by the opposing sides notwithstanding eventually failed. The Civil War, election of President Lincoln and Reconstruction age caused great change in the US. Constitutional developments such as the emancipation Proclamation, three civil rights bills, and the Reconstruction Era impacted the lives on freedmen. amicable developments such as the Freedmens Bureau, the Black Codes, and the Ku Klux Klan were also revolutionary especially to the lives of the freedmen. unitary may say the election of President Lincoln was revolutionary. When the southern states know their insignificance in terms of political power compared to the northern states, the southern states chip offd from the union. South Carolina believed they had the constitutional right to secede from the Union because it was not stated in the Constitution it was illegal to do so and should be left to state power. (Doc A) The southern states also feared that if the North gained enough power they would abolish slaveholding completely. The fear of the northern states becoming too powerful and failure of compromise between the northern and southern states had led to the Civil War. An outcome of this scrap would be the Emancipation Proclamation, 13th-15th Amendments, and the abolition of slavery in the South. This angered southerners since it imperil their Agrarian economy through the use of slavery. Another outcome would be President Lincoln adding an amendment which made it illegal for any state to secede from the Union, helping preserve the Union of the nation af... ...articipation in organisation politically. (Doc. G) This was collect to the passing of the three civil rights bills. During the Reconstruction Era, blacks were also offered education, which incr eased opportunity for the blacks. Some whites from the south disliked the Klu Klux Klan Act and felt that it gave the federal government too much power. (Doc H) The Force Acts were however essential during this time. Thomas Nast shows that the Klu Klux Klan was endangering the lives of the reason slaves. (Doc I) All of these events greatly impacted the lives of the freedmen of the nation. This also affected the nation as a whole in terms of rights and power and in umteen ways strengthened the federal government.During the years 1860-1877, many constitutional and friendly developments were revolutionary. This changed the nation as a whole including the lives of the freedmen and whites.

Leadership Memo Essay

I would like to thank you for the chance to lead the new team in the department. I sense of smell that it go forth be a great journey and exact developed a plan to successfully lead the team. Included in this memo, are details about the individuals that will be a part of the team as well as insight provided on the leadership approach that I will be taking. Because the members of this team have been with the comp any(prenominal) for quite virtually time and are proficient in their individual roles, there should non be much time focused on training or teaching the culture of the company. Sandy Paul has great organization skills and is rattling trustworthy. I will give her the tasks of managing the finances, budgets for the department, including keeping inventory and ordering supplies as needed. Brian Brown is highly conceptual. I feel that he will do well with any research that may be necessary and withal have him be heavily shamd in quality control, should any problems or c ustomer complaints come about. Liam Walker has been noted to be rattling creative and people oriented. He will be best conform to for assisting Brian with any necessary research that will be needed on the team. He also provides a high sense of optimism and motivation. I have no doubt that he will be able to protagonist keep the team morale high, even during stressful tasks. Lastly, Courtney Gatier has a beat and natural impulse to lead. She will stand as my assistant and return the office in my absence. She is a visionary, and looks for ways to improve her department. She has a outset tolerance for incompetency and I feel that she is confident enough to post on this role.Robbins and colter (2012) states that there are seven traits associated with leadership drive, desire to lead, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, intelligence, job-relevant knowledge and extraversion. In order to effectively lead, I obtain and feel that having these traits will make for a well ba lanced team. With that beingness said, I will be taking on the democratic trend. Robbins and Coulter notes a study performed in 1951 at the University of Iowa. This study showed that the democratic sprint of leadership was most effective and encouraged participation (2012). It is important to involve the team in decision making so that everyone not precisely feels that they are valued, but also understand the goals that the team will be working towards. This style of leadership also allows me the ability to utilize feedback with the employees as a means for coaching as necessary. This leadership approach whole kit and boodle well with the Fiedler contingency model. According to Robbins and Coulter, this system suggests effective group cognitive operation depends upon the proper match between a leaders style and the degree to which the situation allow the leader to control and influence (2012). This theory also points out three dimensions that attribute to the leaders success a nd effectiveness leader member relations, task structure and position power. Sir, I would like to thank you again for the opportunity to head this team. I feel that with the plan I have developed and wit the staff I have on board, this team will be able to successfully execute the companys strategic plan to enter the foodstuff segment.ReferenceRobbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2012). Management (11th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ prentice Hall.

Misleading Graphs

Graphs give a visual representation that enables lecturers to analyze and turn in information more easily than they could simply by looking at spots. However, inappropriately drawn interprets can misrepresent the selective information and lead the reader to false conclusions (Bluman, 2009, p. 76). Some methods used by graph makers to mislead consumers atomic number 18 truncated axis starting points and using both dimensional pictures sort of than elementary bars or lines. Problems The graph we chose as our project is flaw in many ways.The chart has no title, no scale on the vertical axis, and no labels for the naiant axis. thither is no way to line up what type of data is being represented other than single of some kind being sold. Whether these argon single units of something, single rooms rented, kraft singles cheese slices, or something else entirely is uncertain. The missing labels on the plain axis also deprive the viewer from knowing exactly how the data is bein g tracked.The columns certainly look like they represent years and it could be something else entirely. Another large issue with this graph is that the two dimensional viewpoint makes it seem as if the 1995 column is far taller than the rest of the data when in particular it is the same height as the 1997 column. Effect on Users When the graph is misleading, it becomes hard for the reader to accurately understand what the graph is laborious to show.The largest problem with this graph is the lack of information provided about what is being studied. There is no title provided to give the reader a general subject of what information is being shown. The graph fails to show the frequency amount of the number of singles being sold, or even what the single is exactly. The fact that there is little labeling on the vertical axis and none on the horizontal axis can be misleading and could cause the users to theorise that the graph is representing something different than it really is.Th e graph can also be misleading to it users because of the fact that it is set up as a two dimensional graph. When looking at the graph the closer the bars are the larger they are made to appear. So while it looks like the front bar is the tallest it is no taller than the third bar. Corrections To correct our chosen graph we first start by appointing an appropriate product for the number of singles sold, and in choosing our product it will also help us to learn our chart title which is Annual CD singles gross revenue.The scale on the vertical axis contains the year of sales, and the horizontal axis contains the amount of sales or the number of CD singles sold. And the graph has changed to a simple bar graph for better reader understanding. These corrections make the graph more informational and contain a better frequency than before. And the labeling of both the horizontal and vertical axis helps the graph to better represent the product to the user. And changing to the bar graph will show the graphs strongest and weakest years of sales.

Religion and Guatemala

Guatemala stopping point Holidays Guatemala is a land of predominantly sm on the whole area festivals and larger bailiwick holidays, many of which are rooted in phantasmal customss. Mayan religions and imposts continue to rest strong within the indigenous population and are often intertwined with Catholic tendencies. Many of Guatemalas towns have a representative Cofradia, which is a town-elected group of hands and women who are responsible for caring for the religious icons that represent the saints of their respective village.This tradition shows the melding of Catholicism and traditional Mayan religious practices. Traditional dances besides often expose a mix of Mayan tradition and the Iberian and Moorish influences that date blanket to the arrival of the Spanish colonists. Along Guatemalas eastern shore, the Afri tail roots of the Gari rompa great deal tend to make their way into the traditional dances that specify their holidays and fiestas. Some field holidays in G uatemala are like those of North America, only with disparate celebrations. untested Years Day is celebrated most commonly by wearing new clothes in the hopes that this pull up stakes bring luck into the saucy Year.One of the more celebrated national Guatemala holidays is Independence Day, which falls on kins family 15. The whole country embraces this celebration with dances, the customary fireworks, and parades. Leading up to Christmas, you brush aside find the town fair in Chichicastenango to be a fun affair. Traditional music and dances help to celebrate the coming holiday season. kind of like you would expect in the United States, many of the national and religious holidays often result in the closing of government agencies, as soundly as banks and schools. The king of all Holidays in Guatemala is Semana Santa, or Holy Week.Celebrated passim Latin America, Semana Santa is a collection of religious processions and plays that depict the Crucifixion and consequent Resur rection of Jesus. Food Generally, the food in Guatemala reflects that of its large northern neighbor, Mexico. Other influences on Guatemalan food include Spanish, Indian and French tastes. The restaurants in Guatemala urban center offer the widest variety of tastes. The restaurants in Guatemala City offer the widest variety of tastes, and you can expect to find especially exotic fare at the Guatemala cities that captivate the most visitors.These cities include Quetzaltenango, Antigua and Panajachel. The main staple of Guatemalan food is maize, or maize. Corn is most often eaten in the form of tortillas, while tamales and corn on the cob are quite prevalent as well. sinister beans are almost always on the menu, and together with corn, they generally characterize the base of the Maya diet. Eaten both whole and refried, beans are consumed at lunch and dinner and often find their way onto the breakfast plate. Other popular primal dishes you can find among the food in Guatemala inc lude Chiles Rellenos and Chicken Pepian.Chiles Rellenos be of stuffed chili peppers, which generally are filled with chicken, cheese and rice. You can also find chiles either pickled or as part of a number of salsas, though be forewarned that they can be quite importunate and spicy. Traditionally, the common breakfast in Guatemala is made up of eggs, tortillas, beans and coffee. The main repast in Guatemala is lunch, and at many Guatemala restaurants the comida del dia (food of the day) is the most economical way to go. This repast of the day typically includes soup, tortillas, roast chicken, beans, rice and a drink.Dinner is usually a lighter meal than lunch tends to be. North American fast-food restaurants can be found in the more populated cities of Guatemala and Guatemalan natives appear to be taking an ever-growing liking to hamburgers, pizza, pasta and Chinese food. For fine dining spots, run for the restaurants in Guatemala City that can be found in the natural City. The upscale New Citys Zona Viva (Zone 10) has some of the most allure Guatemala restaurants you will find. Music The music of Guatemala is diverse.Guatemalas national instrument is the marimba, an idiophone from the family of the xylophones, which is played all over the country, even in the remotest corners. The Garifuna people of Afro-Caribbean descent, who are spread thin on the northeastern Caribbean coast, have their own distinct varieties of popular and folk music. Cumbia, from the Colombian variety, is also very popular especially among the lower classes. tons of Rock bands have emerged in the last two decades, making joust music quite popular among teen people. Guatemala also has an almost five-century-old tradition of art music introduced in 1524 to contemporary art music.Much of the music undisturbed in Guatemala from the 16th century to the 19th century has only belatedly been unearthed by scholars and is being revived by performers. uniformWeaving Clothing Typical Indi an Clothing There is a variety of garment found in Guatemala. The two main types are westernized or American clothing and traditional Indian clothing. The different types of clothing represent different cultural aspects to the Guatemalan people. Westernized clothing is a symbol of the desire to be more modern, wealthy, and educated. Indian clothing is symbolic of Guatemalan heritage, ancestry, and tradition.The Indians represent their state by the clothes that they wear each tribe having different colored person clothing. Blouse and Skirt ( Huipil blouse) The traditional womens blouse, or huipil, is especially detailed in design, and the turn of a single one can take a fair sex between one and three months to complete, working for hours each day. Little girls write down learning the difficult skill of weaving at a young age. Men wear a common white shirt, but will often wear brilliantly colored pantalones (pants) and a chaqueta (jacket). Little girls and boys wear a small vers ion of the same style of clothing.

Augustine Medical Case

AUGUSTINE MEDICAL, INC.The Bair Hugger tolerant thawing System Winston Rivero MK 4900 Prof. H. Barksdale October 16th, 2012Industry abridgment many an opposite(prenominal) competitive technologies argon available for the prevention and treatment of postoperative hypothermia. The make pass into the two categories o Surface warm ? Warmed hospital blankets ? Water-circulating blankets ? Air-circulating blankets and mattresses ? caloric drapes ? Infr ard hot pantsing lamps ? Partial warm-water immersion ? Increased way temperature cozy Warming ? Heated and humidified air (used with intubated patients) ? Warmed intravenous (I. V) fluids ? Drug therapy.Approximately 21 cardinal surgical trading operations performed in the social social unit of measuremented States or 84,000 operations per average day. Approximately 5,500 Hospitals deem operating rooms and postoperative re grizzley rooms in the U. S o 31,365 postoperative hospital beds o 28,514 operating rooms in hospital s.Company Analysis Augustine Medical, Inc. s a secure that develops and markets returns for hospital operating rooms and postoperative obtainy rooms.Founded by Dr. Scott Augustine, an anesthesiologist. His own(prenominal) experiences in the field of medicine have helped Dr. Augustine develop a product that offered all the features that nurses and patients would appreciate the most.Initial capitalization of $500,000 that leave alone be used to cover fixed tolls much(prenominal) as salaries, leased space, and promotional merchandise during its first year of operation.The Bair Hugger Patient Warming System The Bair Hugger Patient Warming system has several advantages over other treatments ? Warm air makes patients tincture warm and they stop shivering roughly immediately. ? The system does not feat burns ? The system atomic number 50 be used safely virtually electrical equipment ? fluid blankets eliminate the risk of cross-contamination ? The system does not look at the patient to be lifted or rolled. o Consists of a dope/ cetacean unit and separate inflatable covers or blankets (12 in total).The change time per patient is about two hours. o Plastic covers be patented. sens/blower unit does not have a patent. o Subcontractors determined the costs of the components to be ? $380 bullet train/blower unit ? $0. 85 per plastic fluid blanket. o The system is sold through medical checkup product distri only whenor organizations around the country. The margins paid to the distributors are ? 30% of the delivered exchange expenditure on the heat/blower unit. ? 40% of the delivered exchange expenditure on the blankets Competitive Products (showing 1) Advantage Disadvantage Warmed Hospital blankets Simple, safe, and low- expensed Cool quickly Only insulation Water-Circulating Blankets Slightly to moderately telling Heavy, expensive fair(a) Prices Can cause burns Auto $5,072. 0 (4,850+5,295) Leaks around electrical equipment Manual $1800 after 40% discount expendable blankets $23 Reflective thermal Drapes Simple, safe Preventive measure intermediate Price $6. 3 (head, drape, Inexpensive Only insulation, no heat transfers. leggings) Air-Circulating Blankets Safe, jackanapes Products not widely found in the U. S. Average Price $4,000 more(prenominal) effective than hospital blankets and water-circulating blankets Trends Analysis The Bair Hugger Patient is designed to control soundbox temperature of postoperative patients and to treat hypothermia experienced by some patients after operations. o Medical research states that 60-80% of postoperative patients experience hypothermia. The fuddled projected that 1 system would be sold per 8 postoperative reco really room beds. Exhibit 2 Number of Postoperative Beds Number of Hospitals communicate Unit Sales Projected Sales ( of hospitals x Unit Sales) 7-11 1,281 1 1,281 units 12-17 391 2 782 units 18-22 135 3 405 units 23-28 47 4 188 units 2 9-33 17 4 68 units >33 (approx. 50) 17 6 102 units 1,888 Hospitals 2,826 units total Marketing look Research commissioned by the fast indicated that hospitals with fewer than seven beds would most believably not be interested in Bair Hugger Patient Warming System. effectiveness Target Market 1,888 hospitals accounting for about 80 % of all surgical operations in the U. S. o Projected gross sales lease of 2,826 heat/blower units Trend of interview responses after product demonstration o Belief in making the patient step more cosy o Belief that the product would invigorate up recovery for postop patients o Free trial of product o Belief that the product is outlay sensitive to other cheaper methods o Purchase decisions need to be submitted for acclamation (above $1,500) Research suggested that introducing this product to hospitals would be a time-consuming process that would go through stages. The Hosworth-Climator is a product very similar to the Bair Hugger Patient W arming System and it is predicted that this product could be distributed in the unify States next year.Problem exposition The main occupation pertaining to Augustine Medical Inc. is determining the marketing footing to hospitals for the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System. The system is comprised of two components the sens/blower unit, and the plastic blankets. find out the products exchange impairment is of utmost importance since it will influence the demand for the product among prospective buyers, determine the firms cash flow, allow the firm to prepare its promotional marketing/ advertizement figure, and it will provide essential information to its distributor organizations. choice Analysis The problem that Augustine Medical Inc. s experiencing is determining the appropriate bell for its product. The predicament boils down to two major price strategy alternatives shrewdness determine strategy and shaving pricing strategy. The two alternatives have strengths and wea knesses for the firm. salutes of Alternative products per treatment o Warmed hospital blankets (Exhibit 3) Price per pound lading per blanket Of blankets per perfect make up per application application $0. 13 2 lbs. 7 $1. 82 o Water-circulating blankets (Exhibit 4) Control Units Average Price Blankets Average Price Automatic $5,072. 50 Reusable $271. 50 Manual $1,800. 00 Disposable $23. 00 Automatic control units from $4,850 to $5,295 Manual control units are $3,000. Discount 40% Reusable blankets from $168 to $375 Disposable blankets from $20 to $26 o Reflective Thermal Drapes (Exhibit 5) Average Price Adult Head cover $0. 9 Drapes $3. 24 ($2. 50/$3. 98)/2 Leggings $3. 00 $1. 50 x 2 legs Total $6. 73 o Hosworth-Climator priced at $4,000 Penetration price Strategy alternative this strategy consists of large(p) prices to attract customers and brighten market share.Advantages to the firm o Research suggests that the price for this product is elastic compared to o ther alternatives so lowering the price is a good bonus for customers to try the product. Competitive advantage over competitors much(prenominal) as the Hosworth-Climator. o The product is not entirely protected by patents so competitors can create a similar product Disadvantages to the firm o The firm must wander more units to break-evenLower profitability Calculations Heater/blower unit o Number of hospitals with more than seven beds 1,888 o Projected Sales in units 2,826 units o Unit selling price $494 ? $380 cost per unit + $114 diffusion markup o Projected Sales $1,396,044 ? (2,826 units)*($494) o exist of Units $1,073,880 ? (2,826 units)*($380) o Cost of Unit dissemination (30% of unit selling price) $322,164 ? (2,826 units)*($114) Blankets Potential target market 14,700,000 cases of postoperative patients with hypothermia. ? (21 million)*(70%)= 14,700,000 cases ? 1,225,000 stacks of 12 blankets each. 14,700,000/12 blankets ? $10. 20 price per 12 blanket stacks. $0. 85 x 12 blankets ? Cost of blankets $12,495,000 (1,225,000 stacks)*($10. 20) o 12 blanket stack selling price after distribution $21 o Cost of distribution cost per stack (40% of stack selling price) $8. 40 ? ($21)*(0. 40)=$8. 40 ? ($8. 40)*(1,225,000 stacks)= $10,290,000 o Total cost of distribution $10,612,164 ? $10,290,000+$322,164 o Projected Sales from blankets ? $25,725,000 (1,225,000 stacks)*($21 selling price) Exhibit 6 Sales from blankets $25,725,000 Sales from units $1,396,044 Total Sales $27,121,044 Cost of blankets - $12,495,000 Cost of units - $1,073,880 Cost of distribution -$10,612,164 Total Profit $2,940,000 o The calculations manoeuver that the firm is profitable under this strategy. Part of the strategy is offering the roll of tobacco/blower unit for a discounted price of $494 ($380+$114). This price only takes into love the distribution cost and the cost to be watch the heater/blower unit, no profit margin has been added to this price. Research suggested th at physicians and nurses would want to try the product sooner attempting to make a purchase decision. The stack of disposable blankets is priced at $21. The selling price would cover the manufacturing and distribution costs of $10. 20 and $8. respectively, leaving $2. 40 per blanket contributing to get.The purpose of this strategy is to attract potential customers and boost market share. In this strategy, sales revenue and profitability are dictated by blanket sales since the heater/blower is a large product and blankets are disposable products. In the short-run, profits will deoxidize as a result of fixed and variable costs of the units, but in the long run the firm will likely come upon its market share goal. In addition, the combined prices for both the unit and the blankets are less $1,500, allowing hospitals to make faster purchase decisions without the need of a budget committee approval.The discounted unit price of $494 serves as a great incentive for nurses and physi cians that look for a durable product that is efficient, yet economical. Skimming Pricing Strategy alternative this strategy consists of setting prices high so that fewer sales are needed to break-even. Advantages to the firm o The firm could sell fewer units to break-even o The Bair Hugger Patient Warming System is perceived to have better value when compared to competitive products o Research suggests that patient would recover faster using this product. o The products engineering is not widely used in the United States so the company can position it as a premium quality product. Disadvantages for the firm o Research suggests that the product is price elastic because of its cheaper substitutes. The company could fail to gain its desired market share because of the prices being too high ? at that place is not patent for the heater/blower unit. Competitors could easily replicate the heater/blowers technology.Calculations Heater/blower unit o Projected Sales in Units 2,826 heater/b lowers o Unit selling price $3,500 o Projected Unit Sales $9,891,000 ? (2,826 units)*($3,500) o Cost of unit $380 o Projected Cost of unit $1,073,880 ? (2,826 units)*($380) o Cost of distribution per unit $1,050 per unit ? ($3,500)*(30% distribution margin) o Projected Cost of unit distribution $2,967,300 ? ($1,050 unit distribution)*(2,826 units) Blankets Potential target market 14,700,000 cases (70% of 21 million operations) ? 1,225,000 stacks of 12 blankets each (12 blankets per case) o Stack of blanket selling price $25 o Projected blanket sales $30,625,000 ? (1,225,000 stacks)*($25) o Cost per stack $10. 20= ($0. 85)*(12 blankets per stack) oProjected Cost of blankets $12,495,000 ? (1,225,000 stacks)*($10. 20) o Cost of distribution per stack of blankets $10 per stack ? ($25)*(40% distribution margin) o Projected Cost of blanket distribution $12,250,000 o Total cost of distribution $15,217,300 ? $12,250,000+$2,967,300= $15,217,300 Exhibit 7 Sales from blankets $30,625,000 Sale s from units $9,891,000 Total Sales $40,516,000 Cost of blankets $12,495,000 Cost of units $1,073,880 Cost of distribution $15,217,300 Total Profit $11,729,000 The skimming strategy allows the firm to sell fewer units to break-even. The calculations indicate that the firm will be very profitable if it achieves its desired demand of 2,826 heater/blower units and 1,225,000 stacks of blankets. The heater/blower is priced at $3,500 ($500 less than the most comparative product).This price point is attractive because is considerably less than water-circulating blankets prices that could purge from $4,850 to $5,295. It is justifiable because the technology of the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System is perceived as more effective, and safer than other alternative methods. It is not widely used in the United States so the firm can position it as a cutting butt against product. The units selling price more than satisfies its costs of manufacturing and distribution with the remaining go ing straight to profits. Under this strategy the disposable blankets are still the driving force of sales revenue because they are disposable and they are a complimentary product to the heater/blower unit.In the long run the demand for heat/blower units will decline and the demand for disposable blankets will continue to increase or remain constant. stack of 12 blankets are priced at $25 that will cover manufacture and distribution costs of $10. 20 and $10 respectively leaving almost $5 ($4. 80) contributing to profit. Recommendation Statement The companys problem is determining the price of the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System used to treat postoperative patients suffering from hypothermia. Based on the analysis of the two alternatives Penetration and skimming pricing strategies, I have come to the conclusion that the skimming pricing strategy would be the most efficient in generating profits for the firm.Recommendation Arguments Research commissioned by Augustine Medical Inc. n dicated that nurses and physicians interviewed believed that making the patient feel more comfortable is important. They also believed that the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System would speed up the recovery of postoperative patients. This means that the see value in the product and in my opinion would not mind paying a price of $3,500 per heat/blower unit and $25 per 12-blanket stack for a technology that is safe, more efficient, and not widely used in the United States. The unit-selling price is considerably more economical than other alternative methods such as water-circulating systems and $500 less than the other air-circulating product competitor.Some interview respondents entangle that the product was price sensitive to other alternative methods. The strategy reflects that by pricing the blanket stacks at $25, within the $20-26 price range of similar products. In the long run sales from heat/blower units will decline or remain constant era the legal age of revenue will be d riven by blanket sales because of their disposable use. I believe this is the most effective alternative to pricing the Bair Hugger Patient Warming System since it allows the firm to maximize profits in the short run by selling heat/blower units while at the same time ensuring that future revenue cash flows come from the sale of disposable blankets.

A Movie Review: Girl with a Pearl Earring

The movie is tool Webbers adaptation of a novel by Tracy Chevalier about the pictorial artist, Johannes Vermeer.Girl with a Pearl Earring is wonderfully crafted and captivating. Much credit should go to the issue people behind it, as they successfully made each characterization look like a painting. That way, they are being faithful not just to the book where the movie came from, but to the brilliant artist who at one time lived in the person of Johannes Vermeer. The movie in general was an impressive formulate of art and a fitting tribute to a remarkable artist.What I like the most about the movie is their choice of music, which is just clutch for the 17th century Delft. It is also noteworthy that they had a girl in the cast, Grit (Scarlett Johansson), who was made to really look like Vermeers painting, as if destiny (and perhaps good cosmetics) had made it happen.The movie effectively shows Johannes Vermeer (Colin Firth)s character as a generally silent man. He pass a hea p of time just standing silently and canvass his environment from different unnoticeable corners. This is perhaps symbolic of his innate traits as a man.In spite of his nature, Vermeer was coerced to attend grand gatherings for the purpose of his art recognition. However, he requisite much solitude if he could only decide for himself. unpack there was not a lot of choices for him. After all, he needed the pompous gatherings demanded by the elite Venetian society to earn a living for his family and himself. It is interesting to note that when he died in 1675, he already had eleven (11) children.Come 1665, Johannes Vermeer painted a mysterious masterpiece, a painting of an unnamed model who obviously posed for him. In the past, there had been a a few(prenominal) guesses and detailed theories that settled on believing that the painting was that of one of Vermeers daughters. Nothing has been confirmed, though. This is where the movie spins with much interesting twists.Then Griet (Sc arlett Johansson) was introduced.Grit was lovely and attractive, and it shouldnt be hard to imagine why an artist that is naturally drawn to truelove would be interested in her.Griet, like Vermeer, is one who is no stranger to solitude. But unlike the solitude of Vermeer, Griets solitude has a lot to do with her unfortunate status in the discriminating Delft caste system.Vermeer and Griet organize a bond, which culminated in his creating a painting of her. The scene where he shows her his bet of art was locomote. Both actors were very convincing and the lines they said were sensitive for the human mind.When Griet tells Vermeer, Youve seen into me, the connection was more than exposed. It was celebrated.The moving-picture show, overall, is remarkable and definitely worth watching. Some scenes &8212 like when Vermeer was teaching Griet the trick of playing with the light for capturing realistic art &8212 were unforgettable.The films cinematographer Eduardo Serra, production des igner Ben Van Os, and art managing director Christina Shaeffer, all deserve a round of applause for having created a moving picture out of the still paintings of a genius.

Marvel Case

MARVEL ENTERTAINMENT assort Bankruptcy and restructuring Introduction inquire am uptakement group was started by Martin Good gentlemans gentleman in 1939. It originally was a ludicrous book contrast, known as marvel Comics now. We incur no way to forget the images of X-men, Spider-Man, and Thor. react Entertainment classify has had a glorious history, and a dominant position in the comic market. However, this glorious empire regret to the full elapsed in the end. The historical ascend and fall influences non unless comic fans life, but most signifi crouptly to its investors and the financial market.Here we discuss in detail about the case wonderment file for hoperuptcy, the evaluation of the restructuring plan, fair-mindedness worth per sh atomic number 18 under restructuring plan, its influence on the debt rising ability to separatewise firms in the group, and wherefore the portfolio managers get to sell their zero coupon bonds. class 1 Analyzing problems why d id curiosity file for Chapter 11? Were the problems ca utilize by deadly luck, blue st posegy, or bad execution? later on taking a deep look into its transaction of a six-year period, we reached the conclusion that the fall of this comic star is mainly ca theatrical roled by bad strategy it adopted, especially the hotshot to desire Skybox.though the first both issuance of debt did bring along good operational burdens, wonders core championship began to falter shortly after the third issuance. The gross sales of three major demarcation lines Sports and Entertainment Cards, Childrens Activity Stickers, and print comic books all lower importantly after 1993. The main rationality for this decline green goddess be explained by the fact that child diversion is becoming more diversified, with alternatives appearing such as mental picture games. similarly that, collectors declining allowingness to invest in comic books drive the sales down dramatically.However, these r easons project little things to do with luck because a successful and experienced entertainment company resembling enquire should have the ability to notice this openhearted of ask change. What is more, sufficient market research should in like manner be pull when deciding semipermanent business strategies. But the creator of Spider man really disappointed us by heading for a on the whole wrong direction at the turning point of this industry. To be answer as a bad strategy adopter, react decided to acquire Skybox in 1995. At that eon, curiosity has a leverage ratio as high as 52%, which make it hard to pay ass the grand debt when revenues ar declining.Moreover, the declining demand for entertainment cards will make this expansion unlikely to boost its revenues. We can call in more all the way from its run and financing ratios that this acquisition resulted in worse performance of the whole admiration group. questions operating and leverage ratios 1991 Operating Ratios sales Cost of sales Cost of Sales/Sales SG&038A SG&038A/Sales Net In stick to Net Income/Sales Leverage Ratios Total Debt Shares great(p) Share Price Market Value of Equity Debt/D+E EBITDA EBITDA/Sales Interest Expenses EBITDA/Interest $115. 10 58. 50. 57% 21. 4 18. 59% 16. 1 13. 99% 1992 $223. 80 112. 6 50. 31% 43. 4 19. 39% 32. 6 14. 57% 355. 3 98. 6 12 1183. 2 23. 09% 67. 8 30. 29% 6. 5 10. 43 1993 $415. 20 215. 3 51. 86% 85. 3 20. 54% 56 13. 49% 324. 7 102. 6 26 2667. 6 10. 85% 114. 6 27. 60% 14. 6 7. 85 1994 $514. 80 275. 3 53. 48% 119. 7 23. 25% 61. 8 12. 00% 585. 7 103. 7 16 1659. 2 26. 09% 119. 8 23. 27% 16. 5 7. 26 1995 $829. 30 538. 3 64. 91% 231. 3 27. 89% -48. 4 -5. 83% 934. 8 101. 3 12 1215. 6 43. 47% 34. 7 4. 18% 43. 2 0. 80 1996 $581. 20 372. 4 64. 07% 168 28. 90% -27. 9 -4. 0% 977 101. 8 4 407. 2 70. 58% 40. 8 7. 02% 42. 7 0. 96 97. 7 5 488. 5 35. 5 30. 84% 3. 5 10. 14 As we can see from the number facts above, both operating and leverage ratios show that b ad performance of the company became even worse after the acquisition. On 1 egest, during this six-year period, Marvels operating ratios shined greatly Net Income/ Sales dropped from 13. 99% of 1991 to -4. 80% of 1996. Besides, the cost of Sales/Sales rose significantly from 50. 57% to 64. 07%. At the same eon, SG&038A/Sales also increase from 18. 6% to 28. 9%.On the other hand, the leverage ratios also showed that the leverage is already quite high before it made the acquisition decision. During the period from 1991 to 1995, the operating results were not satisfying and leverage retainage kept falling. Based on this situation, Marvels decision makers still expanded further, resulting in a worse situation after the acquisition, its engross coverage ratio dropped quick to only 0. 96 the EBITDA/Sales ratio also declined to 7. 02%. consequently, we can see clearly that the bad strategy Marvel adopted is the main reason for its failure.When facing with both an internal problemfi nancial distress, and external threatsdeclining demand for cards, Marvel should absolutely seek egress within existing business rather than impudently expand through acquiring Skybox. Part 2 Evaluation of the proposed restructuring plan will it solve the problems that caused Marvel to file Chapter 11? As Carl Icahn, the largest unsecured debt pallbearer, would you vote for the proposed restructuring plan? wherefore or why not? In early 1996, Perelman announced a restructuring plan in order to bail out.harmonize to the plan, $365 million would be invested in Marvel in exchange for 427 million new Marvel characters to maintain the 80% will power Marvel would acquire Toy Biz, using its revenue to serve Marvels debt and offset Marvels NOLs debt with a bet evaluate of $894. 1 million would shift into lawfulness. In our perspective, this new plan can only solve part of Marvels recent problems, magic spell it would be helpless to completely help the company out. The proposed restr ucturing plan is suppose both to relief Marvels debt burden and to increase the liquidity. To get to this goal, Marvel plan to increase justness investment, and retire 894. million of debt, whose interest would be secured by 77. 3 million of Marvels shares. In these cases, Marvel would acquire new financing support without giving absent part of its ownership, which is vital for the tax and NOLs purpose of the company. Besides, the leverage ratio would decrease sharply as a large proportion of debt would turn into equity, granted that the market price of stock would not decline significantly. As a result, the plan could solve the liquidity problem of Marvel, as well as solve the problem that led Marvel to violate specific bank loan covenants.However, the company misemployed the newly acquired liquidity in the wrong place. kinda than transforming its original business strategy, which is problematic, into newly emerging industries such as video games to increase revenue, Marvel would maintain its original business lines, majority of which face downturns in the market. At the meantime, Marvel would continue to expand its current business by acquiring remaining shares of Toy Biz. As what was mentioned previous in this report, the main reason why Marvel filed Chapter 11 was that it mistakenly bought business that produces non-demanded products.S&038P downgraded the companys debt by noting that Marvels remuneration have fallen dapple it has added debt to make acquisitions. To acquire Toy Biz, an estimated $361. 5 million would be paid in cash by Marvel. though Marvel believed that the acquisition would help generate sustainable cash lead to the company, we consider the revenue of Toy Biz, a company which is closely think to Marvels current business lines, is far from guaranteed as a foreseeable downturn in traditional entertainment industry. It means that the projecting debt burden could be ultimately offset by the prudent acquisition.Marvel would be inev itable in crisis. Furthermore, the debt holders, debt of whom would be transformed into equity, would not be fully paid off. After the restructuring plan was announced, the stock price of Marvel plummeted. From what was shown in render 3, Marvels stock price continued to decline afterwards. Under the downward pressure of share price, the harbor of the collateral shares for the bonds are now much lower than it used to be at the time of the bonds being issued. In other words, the new shares could now only cover partially the face foster of original bonds.For Carl Icahn, the largest unsecured debt holder who would have to invest in the highly discounted share once the restructuring plan is passed, whether or not its investment could be paid back would be doubtful. Though Bear Stearns, a company who prepared financial projections for Marvels acquisition of Toy Biz, predicted modest growth for Marvel and significant growth for Toy Biz, and that Marvel was think ofd more as a departu re concern, the argument of Bear Stearns is questionable and hard to be guaranteed. Therefore, as Carl Icahn, we would not vote for he proposed restructuring plan. Part 3 Evaluation of Marvels equity how much is Marvels equity worth per share under the proposed restructuring plan assuming it acquires Toy Biz as planned? What is your assessment of the pro forma financial projections and settlement assumptions? We proceed to estimate equity worth per share by employing the capital cash point method. with child(p) cash flow valuation incorporates mainly two approaches starting with NI or starting with EBIT. Concerning the difficulty of reaching for such items as EBIT, we elect the NI method particularly.Then the whole valuation process could be divided up into two parts numeration of PV (CCF) and number of shares. Part 1 PV (CCF) How to set the discount rate is crucial for PV (equity protect). This valuation uses data from Exhibit 10. Marvel entertainment group asset beta gues s-free rate Risk premium Pre-tax WACC situation Pre-tax WACC = Rf + ? a * risk premium We use the five-year yields on US treasury bills, notes, and bonds for correspondence with our estimation time purge starting from 1997 and ending in 2001. It gives us the pretax WACC as 11. 35%, used as our discount rate in the case. Then we proceed to the neighboring section of CCF, based on information on Exhibit 9. circuit board 3. 1 has all the calculations shown in explicit steps with our desired result as equity cling to = 435. 99. Part 2 number of shares enceinte Up till now, equity prise per share is only one step away with the missing number of shares, which is presented directly underneath Exhibit 6, as 528. 8 Therefore, we can come straightforward to the final calculation as Equity appreciate per share = 435. 99/528. 8 = 0. 2 What makes this case special is that distressed M&038A could offer significant corporate strategy opportunities in the troubled economic times ahead, whi le at the same time, the value of such opportunities could often be underground amidst the confusion and distress of bankruptcy, such as the one listed as follows. colonisation value is presented in table 3. 2. 0. 65 6. 36% 7. 5% 11. 235% Part 4 Will it be difficult for Marvel or other companies in the MacAndrews and Forbes guardianship company to issue debt in the future? Yes. It will become much harder for other companies in the MacAndrews and Forbes holding company o issue debt in the future, under the influence of Marvels bankruptcy. In 1995, S&038P and Moodys downgraded the holding companies debt from B to B-. Again, in 1996, Moodys downgraded Marvels habitual debt once more. After the huge volume debt of Marvel downgraded by two rating agencies, Marvel had announced that it would violate specific bank loan covenants due to change magnitude revenues and profits. Because downgrading of debt increases the chance of default, and the default probability would surely bring diff iculties to other companies in the MacAndrews and Forbes holding company to issue new debt.This would happen step by step. First, the low credit rating indicates a high risk of defaulting on a loan and, hence leads to high interest rates or the refusal of a loan by the creditor. Then, Investors realize this risk and therefore would require a higher default premium to compensate the risk. After that, increase default premiums would raise the cost of capital for the holding company. Given the change magnitude risk premium and default possibilities, Marvel and other companies in the MacAndrews and Forbes holding group would having more difficulties issuing new debt in the future.Some difficulties would be generated from Perelman, because debt holders and creditors where peak questions about the integrity on the judgment decisions from Perelman. Judge Balick ap turn up Marvel did not discriminate unfairly against non-affecting creditor classes and provided it was fair and equitable to all classes. In reaction, a lawyer challenged the Bearn Sterns conclusions and insinuated Bearn Sterns had multiple levels of conflicts due to the contingence fee provided by Perelman. In the end even the Vice-Chairman of the Andrew group had to come with a statement to overcome all the negative sounds in the market.Anyhow it looks like Perelmans reputation was damaged already. Also, this would influence the whole companys reputation and the credibility of issuing new debt. Part 5 Why did the price of Marvels zero-coupon bonds drop on Tuesday, November 12, 1996? Why did portfolio managers at faithfulness and Putnam sell their bonds on Friday, November 8, 1996? On Nov 12, 1996, Marvels zero-coupon bonds flee by more than 50% when the spokesman for the Andrews mathematical group announced the details of the proposed restructuring plan. According to he announcement, Perelman was to purchase, through Perelman-related entities, 410 million shares of newly-issued Marvel common for $0. 85 per share, 81% discount to the then prevailing market price of $4. 625. After Marvel met the managers of faithfulness and Putnam, those two institutional investors sold their Marvel bonds on hand immediately in response of the meeting before the announcement of the restructuring plan. humans holders predict Fidelity and Putnam should have the insider information about the restructuring plan.Their action made the populace holder feels the restructuring plan is not favor to the bond holder and therefore sold it to avoid a greater loss. Apart from that, Marvels zero-coupon bonds were secured by its equity, rather than the companys assets or operating cash flows. Due to the problem Marvel suffered, their share price dropped. one time the stock price dropped below $11. 6 per share, the collateral would not be sufficient to cover the debts. The public debt holders might consider that these bonds were no long-acting worthy to be held to maturity while the credit risk soared. Theref ore they sold the bonds in arge quantity under the deteriorated signals in the market. As a result, the bond price plunged. Due to the restructuring plan, the prices of Marvels shares and bonds dropped 41% and 50% respectively. On Nov 8, 1996, Howard Gittis, vice chairman of Andrews Group, called Fidelity Investments and Putnam Investments, two of the largest institutional holders of Marvels public debt, and asked them what they would like to see in are structuring plan. Portfolio managers at Fidelity and Putnam decided to sell more that $70 million of Marvel bonds at a price of $0. 37 per dollar of face value on the next day.Perhaps, during this conversation, they got some detail information of the plan which proved the present value of Marvels bonds was overvalued. It gave the chance for them to avoid tens huge losses in diminished value that would have followed and suffer the time they continued to hold the bonds already existing facts were revealed. To explain the portfolio mana gers at Fidelity and Putnam sell their bonds on Friday, November 8, 1996, we can compare the value of the bond value at the market and the expected equity value belong to the public holders after restructuring, Bond value on November 8, 1996, Face value of $894mn X 0. 37per dollar of face value = $ 330mn Equity value belong to the public holders after restructuring, $ 77mn shares X $0. 49 (our projected equity worth per share) = $ 38mn We frame that the market value of the Marvel bond is far higher than the value of the future equity worth belongs to the bondholders. So, the bond selling price of Fidelity and Putnam is relatively much attractive rather than the converted equity value after the restructuring plan. ConclusionIn the above analysis, we reached at the conclusion that Marvels bankruptcy mainly resulted from its bad strategy and management problems. First, it chose to expand in a wrong time and to a wrong direction. Second, its restructuring decision can only solve its li quidity problem temporarily, and Carl Icahn should veto the restructuring plan. Third, Marvel Entertainment Group in this case will have bad influence on other companies and make it hard for them to issue new debt in the future. We also use the capital cash flow method to calculate the equity worth under the restructuring plan.Generally speaking, it does sound that attractive and only resulted in investors chagrin. gameboard 3. 1 (millions) Net (loss) income + depreciation or amortization change in working capital capital expenditure + amortization of goodwill equity in net (loss) income in unconsolidated subsidiaries + minority interest in Toy Biz + provision for deferred taxes +Interest Capital cash flow Growth rate of each year Geometric growth rate Discount rate Present value of CCF Sum of Present value Debt value of Sept. 996 Equity value ? ? ? Terminal cash flow = CCF2001 * (1+g)/(r-g) We use geometric average here because of the rule of thumb the more vapourisable the re turn stream, the more important it uses geometric average Because the market value and book value of debt are nearly the same, we directly subtract the debt value from Sum of PV (CCF) to get the final equity value. -7. 12% 11. 235% 248. 21 1412. 99 977. 0 435. 99 192. 3 91. 04 162. 12 118. 67 600. 52 1997 (35. 7) 34. 5 75. 4 83. 0 30. 5 0. 1 3. 0 9. 8 71. 0 271. 6 1998 17. 5 43. 4 11. 5 67. 4 21. 8 0. 2 -8. 3 68. 0 238. 1 (12. 33%) 1999 (12. 1) 44. 1 (44. 3) 47. 4 21. 5 (2. 2) -6. 3 64. 6 125. 3 (47. 38%) 2000 27. 6 44. 8 42. 0 46. 7 21. 2 (3. 2) -8. 1 61. 0 248. 2 98. 08% 2001 33. 6 45. 9 (2. 0) 45. 1 21. 5 (4. 4) -5. 8 56. 6 202. 1 (18. 57%) 1022. 67 Terminal CF 1022. 67 Table 3. village value property Accounts receivable Inventory Deferred income tax Income tax receivable Prepaid expenses and other current assets Current assets PP&038E (net) Goodwill and other intangibles (net) Investment in subsidiaries Deferred charges and other assets Total assets Accounts payable Accrued exp enses and other current liabilities short-run borrowings Current portion of long-term debt Current liabilities Long-term debt Other long-term liabilities Total liabilities Minority interest in Toy Biz Liquidation value Sep-96 35. 9 257. 2 99. 1 32. 5 18. 2 58. 2 501. 1 87. 7 595. 3. 2 72. 7 1260. 4 95. 8 170. 1 28. 7 625. 8 920. 4 0 56. 6 977. 0 102. 9 180. 5 Millions adjustment % deoxycytidine monophosphate 85 50 0 100 0 value 35. 9 218. 6 49. 6 0 18. 2 0 322. 3 Note s 1L 2L 3L 4L 50 50 0 0 43. 9 297. 9 0 0 664. 0 5L 6L 7L 7L 90 90 0 0 86. 2 153. 1 0 0 239. 3 8L 8L 9L 9L 0 0 0 0 239. 3 9L 10L 0 0 424. 7 11L 12L Note all adjustments are based on our groups estimations, prepared from the 1996 standpoint. ? The second entry accounts receivable is adjust downward to 85%, based on the rule of thumb of liquidation situations, note (2L), (5L), and (8L) are done likewise.To make it more precise, expert appraisers are needed for specific consultation. ? Notes (3L), (4L), (7L), (9L), (10L ) and (11L) identify the items written down to zero if liquidized. ? Note (6L) were written down to 50% because of the perceived value of Marvels character portfolio (Spiderman and X-man did enable them steal the thunder), while we still need somebody expertise for more accurate estimation. ? Lastly, subtracting liabilities from assets in Table 3. 2 gives us the liquidation valuation of $424. 7 million

Cyberbullying: Bullying and Possible Solutions Essay

Cyberbullying has perform wizard of the main problem in todays world, which is nether the influence of social networking. Nowadays, more and more young people at the age of twelve from to s nonethelessteen claim that they assume been subjected to the attacks of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is an act of online bullying, which represents anon. nasty comments and messages that washbasin hurt a person psychologically or plane physically (safetyweb.com, 2012). The purpose of this essay is to recognize the problems of cyber bullying and to detect any possible solutions for it. So, first of all, this essay testament show the problems of the cyber bullying. Secondly, thither will be some solutions and evaluations of these problems.There are a yield of problems connected with cyberbullying, but a psychological state of victim teenagers is one of the most important. According to the website pcmag.com, 88% of all users of social networking stated that they motto how somebody said unk ind things to their peers. It is clear that 26% of girls 12 to 17 treat their peers more than boys (ibid.). So it is clear that unkind comments and messages have a great impact on the psychological states of teemagers.Depressions, tantrums, appetite changes and changes in air are an important sign of cyberbullying (safetyweb.com). Cyberbullying can influence that the teenager kale participating in social life, inwards him or her and it may even lead to suicide. Moreover, there is one more specific problem is great(p) grades. The victims might stop going to school, because they are afraid of their peers due to cyber bullying. This will lead to bad grades and the possibility that a child looses his chance for education. So we can see a series of problems and now move on to their possible solutions.According to Palfrey (2009) there are few solutions. For instance, it is a rational number decision to fork out a psychological help for victims by talk with them and helping to forget about accidents. Furthermore, adults can get the whole story and listen closely to childs feelings (safetyweb.com). It is clear that there must be a strict punishment for bullies such as special(prenominal) alrights. It is also an opportunity to tolerate an education for them and possibly for their parents. In side of school, teachers can help victims to increase their grades. Also school can provide a safe process of education for victim children. As for social websites, it is possible to avoid anonymity by entering a real-name insurance (BBC program Panorama).According to possible solutions, we need to understand that all these solutions have a great number of consequences. For example, psychological help for victims can hail a considerable amount of money, because people will need to provide classes and courses for specialists. It might also can non be efficient. If we were talking about bullies, it would be close impossible to recognize who the bullies were due to a nonymity. If police finds the bullies it would be illegal to fine children, so their parent will have to pay fines. Nevertheless, it will be also hard, because parents could refuse to pay money or the welfare of the families would not let paying such penalties.To summarize all of the information we can see that there are some possible solutions, such as psychological training for victims and punishment for bullies, but, unfortunately, these solutions are hard or even impossible to implement, because they cost money, take time and in most cases are not efficient.References1. http//www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2397419,00.asp (Acesses 12.02.12) D. Poeter 2. http//www.safetyweb.com/poster (Acesses 12.02.12)3. http//www.law.harvard.edu/news/2009/04/01_cyberbullying.htmlBodyWrapper (Acesses 12.02.12) 4. http//www.bbc.co.uk/i/b01c00y3/(Acesses 12.02.12)

Brief Literature Review

Pelvic examination is an important component of the primary care of women especially by internists. This field of honor conducted an internist-run education political program that consisted of 4 weekly patient-care sessions with 2-3 patients beneath a resident internist. They supervised each pelvic examination and gave real time feedback and used a skills-assessment checklist during the first and fit exam of the program to allow a comprehensive and formative feedback.Number of questions used in the questionnaire was non distinctively discussed, though it was stated the questionnaire was administered twice, first prior to the program, then the sanction questionnaire was administered later 3 months. With regards to the questionnaire, a 5-point Likert Scale was used in this study to asses results. ground from the results, the patients self-assessed competencies have improved and it may jockstrap gain the likelihood of residents performing pelvic examination in primary care.(G oldstein C. E. , 2005) The second study evaluated the effects of an in-service program on the perceptions, knowledge and concerns of nursing qualification members about students with disability. 112 staff members were trained in 8 nursing programs. The make sense of questions utilized in the study was not specifically stated, though it a decided Likert Scale of 6-point was used.The areas aspects which the Likert Scale dealt with were legal issues, classroom strategies, clinical didactics strategies and accommodations Likert Scale was administered to the faculty members to rate their awareness of whether people with disabilities could succeed as nursing students or professionals. The results of the questionnaire were account in terms of an average care for or the mean orders, which was defined or found out to be approximately 4.From this result, it was concluded that there was a big significance on the faculty members perception before and after the tuition. The results of t his study suggest that faculty members perceptions, knowledge and concern can be positively affected through with(predicate) training. (Sowers J. A. , 2004) The third study utilized a modified Course regard Questionnaire (CEQ) to assess the dogma of medical exam communication skills. First year college students spotless a CEQ that would be potentially useful in evaluating innovative programmes and securing condescend for their instruction.In this study, a course sleep together questionnaire (CEQ30) having 30 questions was used, which was an innovation of the course experience questionnaire (CEQ25) (Broomfield & Bligh, 1998) having 25 questions only. In this questionnaire, five items were devoted specifically to on medical communication skills teaching. The questionnaire which was administered used a Likert Scale of 5-points. The developed questionnaire was engaged to test whether its applicable or not in evaluating the medical communication skills teaching Measures In 1 997 to 1998.Results were reported using average values, stating the event of principal components factor analysis of responses equal to 165. From the results, it was found out that the CEQ30 was a reliable instrument to evaluate a course design. (Steele G. , 2003) The fourth study is about the perceived efficiency of teaching methods used for health go management education. The study was conducted to bring into consideration the challenges of establishing an experimental link surrounded by teaching methods and the outcome of education in a classroom.Program managers from the AUPHA graduate programs were surveyed in 1998 regarding the supposed success of a wide range of teaching methods employed. No definite number of questions or items in the questionnaire was mentioned, and it the Likert Scale used was not specifically mentioned, only that its range varies from truly effective to not very effective. The results were not reported quantitatively, but rather qualitatively, wherea s the highest and the lowest ranked teaching method was elaborated.Based from the results, the authors they suggested a research agenda for measuring the education outcomes in a classroom. (Hilberman D. W. , 2000) The fifth study is about the participation in proceed nursing education programs by staff training specialists. Staff development specialists were surveyed regarding their reasons for their participation in continuing nursing education programs. Hospital-based staff development specialists from the American Hospital Association member facilities responded to the Participation Reasons Scale (PRS).No definite number of questions was mentioned in the study, though it was mentioned that a Likert Scale with a rating of 1 to 7 was used. The Likert Scale was used to determine if it was effective or not, where results were presented in terms of mean lashings. It was found out that the average scores of the Hospital-based staff development specialists in the Likert Scale was 3. 52 to 6. 40. Results were also reported that there were hearty inconsistencys in the responses. Furthermore, the results showed a statistically significant difference in the responses of certified and noncertified staff development specialists.It was stated that the result scans help continuing education professionals make decisions and programming, though further studies were still recommended. (Aucoin, J. W. , 1998) The last study investigated whether physiotheraphy students posts towards physiotheraphy changes during training in what way. Literature and studies on this topic is moderate and there is controversy about the process of professional socialisation and attitude changes that occur during the training in health care professions. In the study, no exact number of questions used in the questionnaire was stated.Though in it was mentioned that there were 52 respondents, wherein a Likert Scale, of no definite scale mentioned, was used. The results were presented using frequ encies of respondents on a particular aspect or subject which the questions tackled. The result showed no significant difference in the attitudes of the first, second and third year students. This study provides useful information which could be used to help in the selection of students and in the planning of the future courses. Also, recommendations for further studies are made.(Wadsworth, S. J. , 1991) References Goldstein C. E. , H. I. , Foldes C. , et al. . (2005). Internists training medical residents in pelvic examination impact of an educational program. (Publication. Retrieved solemn 22, 2007, from The Chartered company of Physiotherapy program library and cultivation Services http//www. csp. org. uk/director/libraryandpublications/libraryandinformationservices. cfm Hilberman D. W. , D. P. L. , Andersen R. M. , et al. . (2000). Perceived forcefulness of teaching methods for heath services administration education.(Publication. Retrieved August 22, 2007, from The Charter ed corporation of Physiotherapy Library and Information Services http//www. csp. org. uk/director/libraryandpublications/libraryandinformationservices. cfm J. W. , A. (1998). Participation in continuing nursing education programs by staff development specialists. (Publication. Retrieved August 22, 2007, from The Chartered club of Physiotherapy Library and Information Services http//www. csp. org. uk/director/libraryandpublications/libraryandinformationservices. cfm S. J. , W. (1991).A study to show changes in physiotherapy students attitude to physiotherapy during training Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge School of Physiotherapy. (Publication. Retrieved August 22, 2007, from The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy Library and Information Services http//www. csp. org. uk/director/libraryandpublications/libraryandinformationservices. cfm Sowers J. A. , S. M. R. (2004). Evaluation of the effects of an inservice training program on nursing faculty members perceptions, knowledge, and con cerns about students with disabilities. (Publication.Retrieved August 22, 2007, from The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy Library and Information Services http//www. csp. org. uk/director/libraryandpublications/libraryandinformationservices. cfm Steele G. , W. S. , Simeon D. . (2003). Using a modified course experience questionnaire (CEQ) to evaluate the innovative teaching of medical communication skills. (Publication. Retrieved August 22, 2007, from The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy Library and Information Services http//www. csp. org. uk/director/libraryandpublications/libraryandinformationservices. cfm

Animal Farm Language as a Tool of Control Essay

wildcat arouse is a short master copy, published in 1945 and written by George Orwell. The fresh tells the story of a group of farm animals who, in an attempt to shape an idealistic state, overthrow their human master. However, their leaders, the hoggs, progressively become more overthrow and the other animals realise that their goal, to establish a utopia, has become a mere, retr eat on whisper. The pigs use verbal and semantic techniques to control and wangle their nave minions, including through and through the use of persuasive words, the alteration of rules and use of hymns and poems.In the novella, propaganda is apply to manipulate the other animals on the farm. bull, the silver-tongued propagandist, exploits the power of diction in an enterprise to defend short sleeps wicked actions. Some techniques used by Napoleon and Squealer to two-time the proletariat comprise the use of drastically simplifying language into memorable verses, to limit the terms of debate. A n example of this is when the sheep be taught by him to bleat four legs good, two legs better (pg. 89, Chapter 10).This is an ironic twist to the original maxim four legs good, two legs bad (pg. 22, Chapter 3) quoted by the sheep, which was used to flux the animals against the human enemy. Squealer also chooses to overcomplicate language, to strike intimidation and confusion among the nescient animals.Where he says to the birds, a birds wing is an organ of propulsion and not of manipulation, the birds are confused as to what Squealer path here. On top of these language techniques, Squealer also employs perplexing phoney statistics, m each lies and a boasting vocabulary, to bring about a sniff out of hopelessness and self-doubt within the other animals. Deceptive practices are used tenfold by Squealer in his speeches to the other animals, and in the novel we are told of his misleading abilities. We are told that he arouse turn scurrilous into white and that he has a shrill v oice and twinkling eye these are his assets of manipulation. His first example of deceit in the novel is when the pigs harbour relegaten the milk and apples for themselves, and Squealer cuckolds the ignorant animals with lies such as umteen of us actually dislike milk and apples (pg. 23, Chapter 3). On top of that Squealer also uses false statistics in this speech to support his arguments, an example includes milk and apples (this has been proven by Science, comrades) contains substances absolutely necessary to the wellbeing of a pig (pg. 23, Chapter 3). Squealer uses these lies to explain the pigs evil means, and to convince the other animals that the pigs only eat the milk and apples for the other animals benefit. The larceny of the milk and apples ages from the very first moments aft(prenominal)ward the Rebellion, and thus shows how early the pigs wicked and unscrupulous intentions manifest themselves.As heretoforets unfold, on Animal Farm, we see small privileges quickly evolve into complete corruption, and we set forth to see the pig resemble those who they usurped. The power of language can take umpteen forms, including the manipulation of the written word. Old Majors ideas of equivalence are taken on board from the very start and after the occupation of Animal Farm by the animals, the Seven Commandments are written. These Commandments get the animals to one another in harmony against the reality and keep inn within Animal Farm. We see the first example of alteration on the Fourth Commandment which states No animal shall sleep in a bed.After the pigs move into the farmhouse and sleep in the beds, the embargo on sleeping in beds is altered, by the addition of the words with sheets on the Commandment. However, this is a minor crime compared to what happens after the fiascos of winter. Snowball is incriminated for the collapse of the windmill and in turn, trials are held in which animals confess to crimes that were motivated by him. In run co ntradiction with the Sixth Commandment which states No animal shall kill any other animal, the executions that follow are a horrific event. However, when the Commandments are checked, without cause has been added to the Sixth Commandment.Squealer was employed to make these changes to the Seven Commandments to justify the pigs humanisation and also to exercise control of the proletariat imprints about themselves and the society. Ironically, the revision of the Commandments allows the pigs to commit human behaviour, when the original purpose of the Commandments was to prevent the animals from following the humans evil habits. Orwell demonstrates how simply a philosophical code of belief can be turned into propaganda, with the revision of the commandments.Animal Farm is filled with some songs, poems and mottos, including Old Majors rabble-rousing Beats of England, Minimuss odes, and even the sheeps carols. Serving as propaganda, each of these songs, poems and slogans, are one of th e pigs major(ip)(ip) tools of control over the animals. Most notably, Beats of England was used to stir the malcontent side of the animals and was a symbol of revolution. The pigs used Beats of England to grind round off the animals sense of individuality and keep them inspired and united to work for their freedom. However, when the chant is used by Clover to criticise the direction of Animal Farm, Napoleon argues that Beasts of England is no longer needed as the rebellion has been achieved. Replaced by Animal Farm and fellow traveller Napoleon, Beasts of England is outlawed (pg. 59, Chapter 7).The principles of the rebellion are deformed by Napoleon and are demonstrated by the replacement of Beasts of England. feller Napoleon, written by Minimus, is used by Napoleon to exhilarate himself. The poem generates a happy feeling towards his rule and, even though he had minimal role in the success of animal farm, Comrade Napoleon, attributes many of the events to Napoleon reinforcing his position as leader (pg. 63, Chapter 8). This demonstrates how language, in this case in the form of songs, chants and poems can be used to squeeze and manipulate a religious or political code of belief to benefit the bourgeoisie.In conclusion, as seen in the novel, language is a major tool of control used by the pigs. In the novel, Orwell tries to demonstrate the riskiness of a nave working class, and the use of propaganda to control others. Orwell warns us of the many dangers if we believe everything we see and hear and draws attention to the way certain leaders, such as the pigs, gain and maintain power and control using language as a tool of repression and manipulation.

Fifa World Cup

The FIFA creative activity Cup Syafadzil A genuinely good morning to our English strain teacher, Mr. Lee and to solely(a) my friends. Today, me and my friends, emir and Firdaus argon red to engage in a forum ab erupt the valet de chambre Cup. Syafadzil To rationalize it briefly, the World Cup is the worlds biggest sports event. It was held every 4 years since the counterbalance World Cup in 1930, draw off in 1942 and 1946 when it was non held because of World con cardinald 2. The tournament will be held in mho Africa which involves 32 groups, each got to be in the tournament by a series of qualification phase, which took place everywhere the three years after the new-made World Cup.The host nation has automatic rifle qualifiqation. The World Cup is the most adopted fast event, with an estimated 715 million people watching the 2006 tournament, which was held in Germ all. To go with the largest sports event, there be nighwhat notable records that had been set a long the month-long line of battle since it was held. Brazil holds the record for lifting the coveted swag the most, which stands at 5. Brazil also tout the most goals in the tournament, scoring a whopping 201 goals.Moreover, it is the only country that had participated in every World Cup. individually,the most goals scored is held by Ronaldo, who plays for Brazil, with 15 goals to his name. Diego Maradona also set a record for appearing as passe-partout 16 times for the genus genus Argentina nation. emeer thank you for the interesting in potpourriations, Syafadzil. Shall we move on with the questions then? Syafadzil Yes. First off, which team would you post on to lift the crowned World Cup this year? and why do you think that? Firdaus, any thoughts? Firdaus A very good question, Syafadzil.I think Spain would make it this year. Here are some of the reasons. Undoubtedly, they are the team at the moment. They boast maven of the outmatch records along their instruction to southerly Africa. They are currently the number 1 ranked team in the world, which comes to no surprise to many people. Footballers a interchangeable Xavi, David Villa, Fernando Torres, Cesc Fabregas, Xabi Alonso all hardly to name a few, all playing their trades for their national team. Just differentiate their names, and it will bring a frigidness shiver down to the spine of their opponents.Spain is a side full of footballing talents, with their players showing gigantic form at the moment with their various(prenominal) clubs. This team has resilience and team spirit. Thats moreover some of the reasons why I choose Spain. But Spain is not going to chip in a easy haggling to the swag. They are going to face some stern test along the way, notably Brazil who wants to lift the trophy for the sixth time. Brazil is the 2nd ranked team in the world. Their attacking talents such as Robinho, Pato, Luis Fabiano and also not to forget their midfield engine, generated by the 2007 Ba llon Dor winner, Kaka.They are not going to be easy to beat, in particular with some great run of form recently found by the players. Syafadzil Looks like Spain is going to be the winner, yes? What do you reckon, Amir? Amir Not if I wear something to say about that. The team to watch by my opinion had got to be Holland. gullt take your eyes on this team, which ranked 3rd in the world. Their star player is arguably Robin wagon train Persie, who plays for Arsenal but his progress had been held grit due to the recent serious accidental injury to his ligament.But he will be fit to play in the World Cup. Everybody knows that no team is made up of only one player. Other severalise players are Arjen Robben, who recently scored a owing(p) volley that sent Manchester United out of the Champions League, Wesley Sneijder, who scored the winner at Russia that sent lay to rest Milan to the semi-finals of the Champions League, and not to mention the footballing masterclass of Dirk Kuyt , Mark cutting edge Bommel and many other talented footballers.This team is rich in attack, and will for sure run riot in the opponets self-renunciation in this upcoming World Cup. like Spain, they also thrive on an enviable record along their way to South Africa. They were the first European team to unafraid(p) a place in the finals, with a perfect 10 wins out of ten in the group stages. Syafadzil thank you for sharing your thoughts Amir. I guess well unless have to wait to see who will be the champions then. Moving on, who is going to outshine any other players in this tournament?Firdaus, achieve your take on this one. Firdaus Its catchy to choose, but I think I will go with Messi. The plucky Argentine forward had got to be the best slugger in the world. He spear-headed Barcelona to an unprecedented 6 trophies belong season, and were the top scorer in the Champions League. His work rate is high, his brilliance of commanding the ball is just mesmerizing and what else t ail assembly I say? He had been praised by some of the worlds best footballing legends, Diego Maradonna being one of them.And he had been dubbed as one of the best if not, the best in the business. Amir Its true that Messi is just spectacular when wearing the Barcelona shirt. But when he donned on the national jersey, he just could not find the form that he showed with Barcelona. Dont get me wrong, he still scored some important goals that helped the Argentina team to qualify for the World Cup, but for a footballer by his standards, he could have done better, much better. Argentina only qualified by the strip down of their teeth.They only secured their place with virtually the terminal game of the group stages and occupied the last automatic qualifications spot. And I just could not see that Messi will shine in the World Cup by the way things are going. Syafadzil Amir certainly gave us something to think about. But, who do you have in mind, Amir? Amir Im definitely going with F ernando Torres. Hes right up there with Messi, and buns perform brilliantly both in club and international level. Even though he was pampered with injuries this season, he still advise come back and immediately charge a marvelous performance.By my opinion, he is better than Messi, but because of his injuries, he pretermit short every time. His skills are amazing, his edition of the ball is just spectacular, and he outhouse pop out from anywhere and score. He truly is one of the best in this era. Syafadzil Thanks for that, both of you. Lets wrap up this forum then. 32 teams, with everything to play for, vying for the most coveted trophy in sports history. All will be unveiled in this upcoming summer. Do not miss it for the world.

Chocolate Confectionery Industry Essay

This report allow help you to uncover opportunities and understand the distinguish issues affecting your market. How? By giving you arcsecond access to analysis and critical recommendations. It leave also challenge routine cerebration by providing fresh, new perspectives that energizes your thought processes. dis incline panel of ContentIntroductionDefinitionAbbreviationsexe lose weightive SummaryThe market come across 1 Value gross sales and hope in the UK coffee berry market, by segment, 2008-13 Forecast embodiment 2 Value sales and predict in the UK hot java market, 2008-18 Market factors improving real spending should facilitate craft upIndustry responds to wellness considerationsdemographic changes pose challenges to chocolateCompanies, brands and innovationCadbury dairy farm Milk extends its lead lick 3 Leading brands sales and shargons in the UK chocolate confectionery market, by comfort and volume, 2012/13 and 2013/14 Adspend falls in 2013NPD looks to witticis mThe consumerThe consumer UsageFigure 4 relative frequency of eating chocolate, declination 2013The consumer Reasons for eating chocolate confectioneryFigure 5 Reasons for buy chocolate confectionery, December 2013 The consumer Attitudes towards chocolate confectioneryFigure 6 Attitudes towards chocolate confectionery, December 2013 The consumer Factors influencing picking of chocolate as a gift Figure 7 Factors influencing choice when buying chocolate as a gift, December 2013 What we thinkIssues and InsightsFaced with health concerns, chocolate can look to base formats and play off its image as a source of energy The factsThe implications figure in tablets has hit chocolate assortmentsThe factsThe implications savory drinks occasion and baking offer exploitation potentialThe factsThe implicationsBrowse Full give notice (of) With TOC http//www.market queryreports.biz/analysis/196225 arc ApplicationTrend Extend My BrandTrend muddle it MineMintel Futures Trend Brand inter ventionMarket DriversKey pointsExpected maturement in consumer spending could fuel concern upFigure 8 Consumer expenditure, at current and constant 2013 prices, 2008-18 Governments Responsibility Deal invites industry to cut calories Removing confectionery from checkouts recommended to curb impulse leverage hot chocolate manufacturers plan for sustainable future tense supplyDemographic changes pose opportunities and threatsUnder-35s atomic number 18 core users of chocolateFigure 9 Trends in the age structure of the UK population, 2008-13 and 2013-18 emanation in older cohorts will potentially dampen issueThe E demographic is expected to see rapid egressionStrengths and WeaknessesStrengthsWeaknessesWhos Innovating?Key pointsTablets surpass seasonal launches in category sh arFigure 10 pct of new product launches within the UK chocolate confectionery market, by product category, 2010-13 Brands come out to playPlain flavour loses share in new launchesFigure 11 packet of new product launches within the UK chocolate confectionery market, by flavour (incl. blend), 2010-13For more than Latest Reports Under the Same course of instruction http//www.marketresearchreports.biz/category/135Market Size, segmentation and ForecastKey pointsMarket size of it and forecastFigure 14 UK value and volume retail sales of chocolate, 2008-18 Figure 15Value sales and forecast in the UK chocolate confectionery market, 2008-18 Chocolate market sees sustained value growth through recessionMarket ShareKey pointsOwn-brand loses share despite pressures on budgetsFigure 20 Leading brands sales and shares in the UK chocolate confectionery market, by value and volume, 2012/13 and 2013/14 Mondelz powers up its CDM portfolio with stunning resultsMars portfolio sees miscellaneous results as Galaxy takes a intercept but Maltesers powers aheaAbout UsMarketresearchreports.biz is the more or less comprehensive collection of market research reports. Marketresearchreports.biz services are especially designed to save time and money of our clients. We are a one stop stem for all your research needs, our main offerings are syndicated research reports, custom research, subscription access and consulting services. We servicing all sizes and types of companies spanning across various industries. touch onM/s Sheela90 fill Street, Suite 700Albany, NY 12207Tel +1-518-618-1030USA Canada Toll innocuous +1-866-997-4948Email salesmarketresearchreports.bizSite http//www.marketresearchreports.biz/